Pregnancy signs and symptoms.

Pregnancy signs and symptoms.

Image showing pregnancy stages.

Pregnancy signs and symptoms are seen after the fertilization egg and ova. Pregnancy, also known as gestation, is the period during which one or more offspring develop inside a woman’s womb or uterus. It is a condition of carrying a developing fetus or embryo inside the uterus of a woman. This condition is attained when successful fertilization takes place after copulation or through assisted reproductive technology.

How pregnancy is attained, and when Pregnancy signs and symptoms are seen?

Through sexual intercourse or assisted reproductive technology when the fusion of gametes sperm (spermatozoa) and egg (oocyte) occurs zygote cell or fertilized egg is formed. During sexual intercourse when a male ejaculates semen inside vegina then sperm reaches the fallopian tube where fertilization occurs.
After fertilization, the fertilized egg gradually grows in size and reaches the uterus and get adhered in the lining of the uterus(endometrium) we call it implantation.

And its signs and symptoms are seen after the successful fertilization and implantation.

Growth and implantation of a fertilized egg.

Image showing implantation and embryo growth

The maximum probability of getting pregnant after intercourse is in the period between 12 to 16 days after the last menstrual cycle if your menstrual cycle is of 28 days. we call this period the ovulation period. This period may vary in females having a short or long menstrual period.

What is implantation?

Implantation is the stage of pregnancy at which the embryo adheres to the wall of the uterus. In humans, implantation of a fertilized ovum is most likely to occur around nine days after ovulation; however, this can range between six and 12 days. Pregnancy can not be maintained without successful implantation & sufficient rise in the level of progesterone hormone because of Progesterone causes the uterine lining or endometrium to thicken to maintain pregnancy.

v If a woman is having 28 days cycle she can roughly calculate the implantation day

v ==>>If you know the date you ovulated, add 9 days.

v >> Ovulation date + 9 days =Implantation date.

v ==>>If you know the first day of your last menstrual period (LMP), add 23* days.

v >>Date of last menstrual period + 23 days =Implantation date.

 ***23 days = 14 (average number of days between LMP and ovulation ) + 9 (average number of days between ovulation and implantation)

{NOTE} THIS IS A ROUGH IDEA OF GETTING IMPLANTATION DATE.

What is the role of implantation for pregnancy?

For the pregnancy to be viable, the cells must make contact with the endometrium and attach to the uterine wall. And only the fittest embryos about one-third manage to do that.

If progesterone hasn’t adequately prepared the endometrial lining to support life, or if the blastocyst contains abnormalities, implantation will fail. When this happens, the egg dies and is excreted during your next period we call it a miscarriage.
Pregnancy usually lasts about 40 weeks, or just over 9 months, as measured from the last menstrual period to delivery.

How pregnancy can be detected.

ways to detect pregnancy.

1) Urine test

If you’re pregnant, the test can usually detect this hormone in your urine about 10 days after your first missed period

2) Blood test

The beta hCG test measures the exact amount of hCG in your blood & it can verify pregnancy before a urine test.
The Blood test result is more accurate than the urine test.

3) Ultrasound

An Ultrasound test can detect a baby’s development, multiple pregnancy & help in abnormalities detection in a baby.
Ultrasound gives the most accurate results for determining pregnancy.

4)Detection of the fetal heartbeat

A fetal heartbeat may first be detected by a vaginal ultrasound as early as 5 and a half to 6 weeks after gestation.

5)X-ray

It cannot determine early and can harm a fetus because of radiation.

Doctors classified pregnancy into 3 stages.

The three trimesters.

Pregnancy has three trimesters, each of which is marked by specific fetal developments. A pregnancy is considered full-term at 40 weeks; infants delivered before the end of week 37 are considered premature. Premature infants may have problems with their growth and development, as well as difficulties in breathing and digesting.

1)First trimester(week 1-week12).
2)Second trimester(week 13-week28).
3)Third trimester(week 29-week40).

First Trimester (0 to 13 Weeks)

The first trimester is the most crucial to your baby's development. During this period, your baby's body structure and organ systems develop. Most miscarriages and birth defects occur during this period.

Your body also undergoes major changes during the first trimester. These changes often cause a variety of symptoms, including nausea, fatigue, breast tenderness, and frequent urination. Although these are common pregnancy symptoms, every woman has a different experience. For example, while some may experience an increased energy level during this period, others may feel very tired and emotional.

Second Trimester (14 to 26 Weeks)

The second trimester of pregnancy is often called the "golden period" because of many of the unpleasant effects of early pregnancy disappear. During the second trimester, you're likely to experience decreased nausea, better sleep patterns and an increased energy level. However, you may experience a whole new set of symptoms, such as back pain, abdominal pain, leg cramps, constipation and heartburn.

Somewhere between 16 weeks and 20 weeks, you may feel your baby's first fluttering movements.

Third Trimester (27 to 40 Weeks)

You have now reached your final stretch of pregnancy and are probably very excited and anxious for the birth of your baby. Some of the physical symptoms you may experience during this period include shortness of breath, hemorrhoids, urinary incontinence, varicose veins and sleeping problems. Many of these symptoms arise from the increase in the size of your uterus, which expands from approximately 2 ounces before pregnancy to 2.5 pounds at the time of birth.

About signs & symptoms.

Think you might be pregnant? Then this might be an exciting time… or a stressful one! Whatever your feelings, you can prepare yourself best for whatever lies ahead by learning about the early signs and symptoms of pregnancy.

Not all moms-to-be experience the same symptoms when pregnant, and symptoms vary in severity. A woman will not necessarily experience the same symptoms in the same way in subsequent pregnancies as with her first pregnancy.
Certain early signs, like the absence of menstruation and weight gain, are common to all pregnancies.

Early pregnancy signs and symptoms.

signs and symptoms of pregnancy

1)Late period or missed periods
2)Breast change
3)Cramps
4)Nausea often referred to as “morning sickness”.
5)Increased urination
6)Feeling tired
7)Feeling hungry
8)abdominal bloating
9)Light bleeding or spotting from vegina(sing of implantation)
10)Mood swings

Late pregnancy symptoms can include.

1)Leg swelling
2)Backache
3)Heartburn
4)Leakage of urine
5)Shortness of breath

If you see these all signs then its time to visit a doctor for the better health care of mom & baby.